Profitability
Return on equity (%) =
(Profit from continuing operations before tax - direct taxes) / Shareholders' equity (average)
Return on capital employed (%) =
((Profit from continuing operations before tax + interest expenses, net exchange gains) /losses and other financial expenses) / (Total equity + interest-bearing borrowings (average))
Financial position
Equity ratio (%) =
Shareholders' equity / (Total assets - advance payments received)
Gearing ratio (%) =
Interest-bearing borrowings / Shareholders' equity
Net gearing ratio (%) =
(Interest-bearing borrowings - liquid funds - interest-bearing receivables) / Shareholders' equity
Share performance indicators
Earnings per share =
Profit attributable to shareholders of parent company / Adjusted number of shares (average)
Shareholders' equity per share =
Equity attributable to shareholders of parent company / Adjusted number of shares at 31 December
Dividend per share =
Dividends / Adjusted number of shares at 31 December
Dividend per profit (%) =
Dividend per share / Earnings per share
Dividend yield (%) =
Dividend per share / Share price at 31 December
Price/earnings ratio (P/E ratio) (%) =
Adjusted share price at 31 December / Earnings per share
P/BV (%) =
Adjusted share price at 31 December / Shareholders' equity per share
Adjusted average share price =
Total traded volume per share (EUR) / Average adjusted number of shares traded during the financial year
Market capitalisation =
Number of shares x market price at 31 December
Other key figures
Internal financing of capital expenditure (%) =
Net cash flow arising from operating activities / Gross capital expenditure
Interest cover =
(Net cash flow arising from operating activities + net interest expenses) /
Net interest expenses
Net cash flow arising from operating activities =
Net cash flow arising from operating activities in the cash flow statement
